Roland CR-78 (1978–1981)
A programmable drum machine that helped redefine rhythm in popular music
Overview
The Roland CR-78 CompuRhythm, also known as the Roland CompuRhythm CR-78, is a drum machine introduced in 1978 and manufactured until 1981. It was the first drum machine from Roland to use a microprocessor, enabling user programmability—a significant advancement over standard preset-only rhythm machines of the time. Though it initially appeared similar to preset organ rhythm units like the CR-68, the CR-78 brought a new level of flexibility and control. It gained iconic status through its use by Phil Collins on “In the Air Tonight,” cementing its legacy as a classic analog rhythm machine with a distinctive sound.
Specifications
| Production years | 1978–1981 |
| Net weight | 5.5 kg (12.1 lbs) |
| Dimensions | 78 × 28.6 × 8.8 cm |
| Rhythm patterns | 34 built-in preset rhythms |
| Sounds | 14 tones |
| Polyphony | 4 voices |
| Rhythm selection | Rock 1-4, Disco 1-2, Waltz, Shuffle, Slow Rock, Swing, Fox Trot, Tango, Boogie, Enka |
| Controls | Fade in/out, Start/Stop, Rhythm Pattern Selector, Auto/Manual Selector, Manual Power |
| Cancel buttons | Cymbal + High |
| Accessories | 2.5m connection cord, TS-1 |
| Options | Pedal Switch DP-2, Write Switch WS-1 |
Design
The CR-78 was the first Roland drum machine to incorporate a microprocessor, which enabled the storage and playback of custom rhythm patterns. The "CR" in its name stands for CompuRhythm, a reference to this internal microprocessor technology. It marked a shift from purely preset-based machines by introducing user programmability, allowing musicians to create and save their own rhythms.
Context
Introduced in 1978, the CR-78 emerged during a period of rapid innovation in music technology. It followed in the lineage of rhythm machines developed by Ace Tone, where Roland’s founder Ikutaro Kakehashi had previously worked, and represented a technological evolution in Roland’s own drum machine line. While similar in concept to the CR-68, the CR-78 stood out with its microprocessor-based programmability, setting the stage for future Roland rhythm products.
Market
The CR-78 is described as an iconic and legendary drum machine, with units currently offered for sale in full working order after servicing. Once relatively affordable, its market value has increased significantly, with recent listings showing prices starting around $2200.
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Related Models
- Roland TR-606 (1981-1984)
- Roland TR-808 (1980-1983)
- Roland TR-909 (1983-1985)
- Boss DR-55 (1979-1981)
- Oberheim DMX (1981-1984)
- Linn LinnDrum (1982-1985)