Aiwa CS-660: The Precision-Built Cassette Deck from the Golden Age of Tape

Name: Aiwa CS-660
Brand: Aiwa

In the early 1980s, Japanese electronics manufacturers were locked in a quiet arms race to produce the ultimate high-fidelity cassette deck. At the height of this era, Aiwa emerged as a serious contender—not through brute power, but through meticulous engineering, elegant design, and a commitment to analog purity. Among their most respected models was the Aiwa CS-660, a dual-capstan, three-head cassette deck that represented the pinnacle of the brand’s cassette technology during its prime.

Released in 1983, the CS-660 was positioned as a high-end component for serious audiophiles and home recording enthusiasts. While not as widely celebrated as some Nakamichi or Revox flagships, the CS-660 carved out a loyal following thanks to its exceptional build quality, accurate tape reproduction, and user-friendly design. Today, it stands as a testament to a time when cassette decks were engineered with the same care as turntables and amplifiers.

Technical Specifications

Specification	Detail
Model	Aiwa CS-660
Year of Release	1983
Type	3-Head, Dual Capstan Cassette Deck
Tape Heads	Separate Record, Playback, and Erase Heads
Motor System	Dual Direct-Drive Motors
Capstan System	Dual Capstan with Rubber Pressure Roller
Wow and Flutter	< 0.065% (measured)
Frequency Response	20Hz – 20kHz (Type I), up to 19kHz (Type IV)
Signal-to-Noise Ratio	66 dB (Dolby B), 72 dB (Dolby C)
Total Harmonic Distortion	< 1.5%
Input Level	120 mV (max)
Output Level	2.5 V (max)
Input Impedance	47 kΩ
Output Impedance	10 kΩ
Power Requirement	120V AC, 60 Hz, 18W
Dimensions (W×H×D)	430 × 140 × 320 mm (17 × 5.5 × 12.6 in)
Weight	9.8 kg (21.6 lbs)
Recording Formats	Type I (Ferric), Type II (Chrome), Type IV (Metal)
Noise Reduction	Dolby B and Dolby C
Auto Reverse	No
Tuning Display	Analog VU Meters with Peak Hold
Years Produced	1981
Tape Speed	4.8 cm/s

Sound Characteristics and Performance

The Aiwa CS-660 was engineered for accuracy and musicality. Its three-head configuration—separate record, playback, and erase heads—allowed for optimal alignment and minimized crosstalk, resulting in cleaner recordings and more faithful playback. The dual direct-drive capstan system ensured exceptional tape speed stability, which translated into remarkably low wow and flutter—critical for maintaining pitch accuracy and a stable stereo image.

Sonically, the CS-660 delivers a warm yet detailed presentation. It avoids the overly bright or clinical sound of some contemporaries, instead offering a balanced tonal character that flatters a wide range of music. Bass is tight and well-controlled, mids are natural and present, and highs are smooth without being rolled off. When paired with high-quality metal tapes and Dolby C noise reduction, the CS-660 can produce results that come surprisingly close to reel-to-reel tape in terms of dynamic range and clarity.

One of its standout qualities is its excellent stereo imaging. The precise head alignment and stable tape transport create a wide, stable soundstage with precise instrument placement—rare for a cassette deck at any price point in the early '80s.

Notable Features and Innovations

The CS-660 was packed with features that reflected Aiwa’s commitment to high-end performance:

Dual Capstan Transport: Unlike single-capstan designs that rely on the take-up reel for tension, the dual capstan system uses a secondary capstan and pinch roller on the take-up side to maintain consistent tape tension across the entire head gap. This reduces tape flutter and ensures even contact with the heads.

Three-Head System with Manual Tape Selector: The CS-660 includes separate heads for record, playback, and erase—allowing for true monitoring of the recorded signal during recording sessions. A manual switch lets users select between Type I, II, and IV tapes, adjusting bias and equalization accordingly for optimal performance.

Dolby B and C Noise Reduction: At a time when Dolby C was still relatively new, its inclusion on the CS-660 was a sign of its high-end status. Dolby C offered up to 20 dB of noise reduction in the high frequencies, dramatically improving the signal-to-noise ratio, especially with chrome and metal tapes.

Precision VU Meters: Large, centrally mounted analog VU meters with peak hold function allow for accurate level setting during recording. The meters are not only functional but also add to the deck’s premium aesthetic.

Direct Mechanical Linkage: All transport controls (Play, Record, FF, REW) use direct mechanical linkages rather than solenoids, giving the user a tactile, responsive feel that conveys confidence in operation.

Solid Chassis Construction: The CS-660 features a heavy, rigid chassis with internal damping to minimize vibration and resonance. The entire mechanism is mounted on rubber isolators to further reduce microphonics.

Common Issues and Maintenance

Like all vintage tape decks, the Aiwa CS-660 requires attention to remain in top condition. The most common issues include:

Deteriorating Rubber Parts: The capstan tires, pinch rollers, and idler wheels are made of rubber and degrade over time, leading to speed instability or tape slippage. These should be replaced during any restoration.

Worn or Dirty Tape Heads: Playback and record heads can become oxidized or clogged with tape residue. Regular cleaning with isopropyl alcohol and demagnetizing are essential for maintaining sound quality.

Capstan Bearing Dryness: The capstan shafts may dry out, causing increased friction. Light lubrication with synthetic oil can restore smooth operation.

Dolby Circuit Drift: Over decades, the calibration of Dolby B and C circuits can drift, leading to under- or over-compression. A proper service should include realignment using a calibration tape.

For optimal performance, a full recap and service by a qualified technician is recommended, especially if the unit has been in storage for years. With proper care, however, the CS-660’s mechanical and electronic components are robust and capable of decades of reliable use.

Current Market Value and Collectibility

The Aiwa CS-660 is not as widely collected as some of its more famous rivals, but it has developed a cult following among cassette enthusiasts and analog purists. In good working condition, it typically sells for $250–$400 on the secondary market, with fully serviced units commanding higher prices.

Its value is driven by its rarity, build quality, and sonic performance. While not as flashy as a Nakamichi Dragon, the CS-660 offers 90% of the performance at a fraction of the cost. It’s also more user-friendly than many high-end decks, with intuitive controls and reliable mechanics.

Collectors appreciate its understated design—sleek black finish, minimal chrome accents, and a clean front panel that exudes confidence without ostentation. It’s a deck that was built to be used, not just admired.

Conclusion and Legacy

The Aiwa CS-660 may not have the name recognition of some of its peers, but it stands as one of the finest cassette decks the company ever produced. It embodies the best of early 1980s Japanese engineering: precise, reliable, and sonically rewarding. For those exploring the world of analog tape, the CS-660 offers a near-reference-level experience without the premium price tag.

In an age where digital dominates, the CS-660 reminds us of the tactile joy and warm fidelity of magnetic tape. It’s not just a relic—it’s a working piece of audio history, capable of producing recordings that still hold up today. For the discerning audiophile or vintage gear collector, the Aiwa CS-660 is a hidden gem worth seeking out, restoring, and enjoying for years to come.