CONTAX 137 MA
The Contax 137 MA is a 35mm film single-lens reflex (SLR) camera introduced by Japanese manufacturer Yashica (under the Contax brand) in 1981. It is an updated version of the Contax 139 QM, notable primarily for the addition of a fully automatic program exposure mode, making it one of the earliest professional-grade SLRs to integrate such functionality while retaining manual and aperture-priority modes.
Overview
The Contax 137 MA was released during a transitional period in SLR development, when electronic automation was rapidly being integrated into traditionally mechanical systems. Positioned as a compact, high-performance SLR for advanced amateurs and professionals seeking precision and reliability, the 137 MA combined the robust mechanical foundation of the Contax RTS series with increasingly sophisticated electronics. It was manufactured by Yashica in Japan under the Contax brand, which was then licensed from Zeiss and used to denote premium optical and mechanical quality.
Building upon the design of the Contax 139 QM (1980), the 137 MA added a program exposure mode—a significant advancement at the time—allowing the camera to automatically select both shutter speed and aperture based on metered light and the lens’s maximum aperture. This mode complemented the existing aperture-priority autoexposure and fully manual modes, offering users greater flexibility in rapidly changing shooting conditions. Despite its automation, the 137 MA retained the tactile, mechanical feel prized by photographers, with a vertical-travel focal-plane shutter and a bright, fixed pentaprism viewfinder.
The camera was part of the Contax/Yashica (C/Y) mount system, which had been introduced in 1975 with the Contax RTS and became known for its durability, precise lens coupling, and compatibility with a growing range of high-quality Zeiss and Yashica lenses. The 137 MA was succeeded in 1985 by the more advanced Contax 167 MT, which introduced TTL flash metering and further refinements.
Specifications
| Specification | Value |
| Type | 35mm SLR |
| Film Format | 35mm (135 cartridge) |
| Years Produced | 1981–1984 |
| Lens Mount | Contax/Yashica (C/Y) bayonet |
| Shutter | Vertical-travel, metal-blade focal-plane shutter; speeds from 1 sec to 1/1000 sec, plus B (time), X-sync at 1/60 sec |
| Metering | TTL open-aperture center-weighted metering via silicon photodiode |
| Exposure Modes | Program AE, Aperture-Priority AE, Manual |
| Viewfinder | Fixed pentaprism, 0.85× magnification, 94% coverage; displays shutter speed, aperture, and exposure confirmation |
| Dimensions | 140 × 88 × 50 mm; weight: approx. 580 g (body only, no battery) |
Key Features
- Program Exposure Mode: One of the first professional SLRs to offer automatic program exposure, selecting optimal shutter speed and aperture combinations without user input.
- Aperture-Priority and Manual Modes: Full compatibility with manual operation and aperture-priority autoexposure for creative control.
- TTL Center-Weighted Metering: Accurate light measurement through the lens using a silicon photodiode, compatible with all C/Y lenses including those with variable maximum apertures.
- Compact and Durable Chassis: Precision-machined metal body with rubberized grip and high-quality finish, designed for long-term reliability.
- Integrated Exposure Display: Viewfinder shows selected shutter speed, lens aperture, and exposure confirmation (match-needle system) for precise manual settings.
Historical Context
The Contax 137 MA was introduced at a pivotal moment in SLR evolution, as camera manufacturers began integrating microprocessors to automate exposure decisions. While earlier models like the 139 QM offered aperture-priority and manual exposure, the 137 MA’s program mode placed it at the forefront of automation in the professional SLR market. This innovation mirrored trends seen in competing systems—such as the Minolta X-700 (1981) and the Pentax Super A (1983)—but the 137 MA distinguished itself with its build quality, precise Zeiss-compatible optics, and professional-grade handling.
The camera competed directly with high-end offerings from Nikon (FM2), Canon (AE-1 Program), and Pentax (ME Super), though it occupied a niche market due to the smaller ecosystem of C/Y mount lenses compared to Nikon F or Canon FD. Nevertheless, the 137 MA was well-received by photographers who valued the optical excellence of Zeiss lenses and the robust engineering of the C/Y system. Its release also reflected Yashica’s strategy to position Contax as a technologically advanced alternative to German and American SLRs, leveraging Japanese manufacturing precision with German optical design.
Collectibility & Value
Today, the Contax 137 MA is considered a collectible camera, particularly among enthusiasts of vintage SLRs and users of Zeiss lenses. While not as rare as some limited-production models, it is less common than mass-market contemporaries like the Canon AE-1, contributing to its moderate collector interest. In good working condition, the 137 MA typically sells for $200–$350 USD, with higher prices for units with clean viewfinders, accurate metering, and original accessories.
When purchasing a 137 MA, potential buyers should verify the functionality of the electronic systems, particularly the meter and program mode, which depend on a 6V PX28 (4SR44) battery. These batteries are now obsolete, though modern equivalents (e.g., Wein Cell) or adapters for 4LR44 batteries are available. Common issues include degraded light seals, stiff shutter speeds at slower settings, and corrosion in the battery compartment. The camera’s electronics, while robust for their time, can fail due to capacitor aging or moisture exposure. A clean, fog-free prism and smooth film advance are also essential indicators of a well-maintained body.
Similar Cameras
- Minolta X-700 (1981–1999): Offered program mode, TTL metering, and a wide lens range; more consumer-oriented but highly popular.
- Pentax Super A / Super Program (1983–1987): Aperture-priority and program modes with excellent build quality and K-mount compatibility.
- Canon AE-1 Program (1981–1985): Successor to the AE-1, added program mode and improved electronics; part of Canon’s dominant FD-mount system.
- Nikon EM (1979–1982): Compact Nikon SLR with aperture-priority and program mode (via MD-E motor drive), aimed at enthusiasts.
- Olympus OM-4 (1983–2002): Professional-grade OM-series SLR with advanced metering and titanium shutter; fully manual with aperture-priority AE.
Repair & Maintenance
The Contax 137 MA requires a 6V PX28 (4SR44) battery to power its metering system and electronic shutter control. Due to the discontinuation of PX28, users often rely on 4LR44 alkaline replacements (3.6V) or Wein SR44 zinc-air batteries (6V), though voltage differences may affect meter accuracy. A battery adapter for two 3V CR1/3N cells is another viable option.
Common maintenance issues include sticky shutter curtains at slow speeds, inaccurate metering due to aging electronics, and worn shutter contacts. The camera’s circuitry, while sealed, can be sensitive to moisture and corrosion, particularly around the battery compartment. Professional servicing may involve recapping the power supply, cleaning contacts, and recalibrating the meter. Given the complexity of the program mode circuitry, repairs should be performed by technicians experienced with C/Y mount cameras. Regular use, proper storage, and timely battery removal help preserve functionality.
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