dbx 160 (1976)

A pioneering analog compressor limiter using true RMS level detection and the first commercial Blackmer VCA.

Overview

The dbx 160 is a rackmount compressor limiter introduced in 1976 by dbx, one of the company's early professional audio units. It was part of the dbx 160 series, grouped with the 161 and 162 models, and quickly became a staple in recording studios. Known for its natural-sounding gain control even at high compression ratios, the original dbx 160 VU model is now considered a studio classic. It uses a feed-forward design with true RMS level detection to accurately respond to audio signal power.

Specifications

Production Year	1976
Input Impedance	50,000 ohms
Compression Ratio	4:1 RATIO
Dynamic Range	from 24 dB to -23 dB
Maximum Compression	infinite compression (approximately 120:1)
Dimensions	95 mm (H) x 235 mm (W) x 267 mm (D)
Original Price	US$300

Design

The dbx 160 was the first commercial audio product to use the Blackmer gain cell, specifically the 200 VCA, paired with the 207/208 RMS detector. It employs a feed-forward architecture and true RMS level detection, allowing it to sense the actual power of the audio signal for more accurate and musically natural compression.

Context

Introduced shortly after David Blackmer founded dbx in 1971, the 160 series became one of the company’s most significant early product lines. The dbx 160 has been called the world's most popular line of audio compressors since its debut, frequently seen in professional studios and helping define the sound of recorded music in the late 20th century.

Market

Original dbx 160 units command steep prices on the vintage market, with pristine examples selling for up to $1750. Each unit typically requires at least four hours of technical work to restore and repair, reflecting its age and the demand for fully functional units.